Ending the divine right of political parties

The following is a response to Helena Kennedy's Power2010 appeal

Dear Helena Kennedy,

I have read through your invitation and 'call to arms' for the people to take back 'power'. I fear that, as with the original 'Power' report, and as noted in the earlier interview with you, this new initiative will share the fate of that report, unless it is considerably beefed up, in order to take proper advantage of the widespread disapproval of the current political system, that has grown up with the events of the last few years.

The traditional parties are a small and declining group of self-interested individuals who have shown, time and again, that they cannot be trusted, and yet they are still permitted to maintain their position by operating as a cartel which prevents entry of other, more worthy and informed, individuals into the democratic process. Indeed, more worthy individuals are actively emasculated by the ‘whipping' process even if they do gain entry and pass through the antidemocratic selection processes.

As all - currently electable - parties are only interested in gaining and holding on to power, they are incapable of making crucially important decisions over such issues as climate change. They are also all wedded to a business/growth ideology, that is rapidly eroding the planet's ability to support humanity. The need for change is very dire: yet those who might help are excluded from taking part.

Their ‘ding dong' swap-over of near identical leaders is exploited and catalysed by the media, who treat the whole thing as little more than a game, where only three sides are permitted into the league, and where any dissent from the popularist views of the controlling groups, is pounced upon as weakness and made the subject of pejorative banner headlines. Thus the media keep the parties where they are, and prevent them from changing even if they wanted to.

It is quite disturbing that, despite the evident breakdown of democracy, clearly writ in the ‘banking' crisis, in the political response to it, and in the ‘expenses fiasco', the dominant media organisations that claim to know better, such as the BBC, are nevertheless gearing up and ‘grooming' the public for yet another change over to yet another identically incapable and self interested regime! (In the same vein, they make programmes about the failings of the ‘banking system' through greed, whilst simultaneously encouraging such gambling in endless property development programmes and in ‘news' such as the ‘UpShares Downshares' section of the Radio4 PM programme.)

I feel strongly that the party system is unfit for purpose and must be replaced with a truly democratic system. The ‘Power' report itself, did, I think, try to address some of these issues - suggestions of reforming the electoral methods and the whipping system, I recall, were made. But the report was otherwise very much operating ‘within the box' of the existing system and trying to make silk purses out of the sows' ears of the existing politicians and their parties. Indeed, now we have seen that the sows' noses were so deep in their troughs that their ears were covered and deafened in any case!

Reforming the electoral process currently requires that one of these unfit for purpose parties is somehow cajoled into changing the very system that brings it to power. Realistically there is no chance of this, so those suggestions in the Power report can never get off the ground. The ‘box' needs to be thrown out, and one that is fit for purpose constructed out of sustainable, recyclable materials: such as easily recyclable, truly public, rather than party, representatives...

To achieve this Power2010 will have to demand complete change, and the removal of the parties themselves. It has always seemed strange to me that the Charities Commission denies charitable status to political parties, on the grounds that party politics is not in the public interest, and yet our pseudo-democratic system deems it to be in the public interest that such parties should have an exclusive right to run the country! Now that it has been demonstrated clearly for all to see that political parties are NOT fit and proper organisations to be put in control of whole countries, Power2010 must come out with a BOLD statement of these facts, and provide the means for the public to register their disapproval of the party system in no uncertain terms.

A Few Bold Suggestions:

A register of dissent from the party system should be set up, so that those who, currently feel that it is wrong for them to go on registering to vote in a sham of democracy, can, instead, officially register their objection to the whole thing and demand reform. This should apply both at the local and national level: local parties are even less representative and democratic, and every bit as dictatorial and parochial as their national siblings.

With such an official register of dissent, the parties could no longer go on claiming that it was ‘voter apathy', lack of ‘consultation' etc. that keeps people away from the polling booths. With such a register, Power2010 would be able to show that there is, after all, great public interest in politics and that it is, in fact, the parties themselves that are actively preventing the public from taking part in the decision making process.

With this ‘banner statistic' of public dissent, Power2010 could begin demanding real alternatives. Without such a powerful trump card, Power2010 will be ignored by the system and by the media, and the cycle will carry on taking us all to ruin.

The exact nature of the replacement system is not so critical as the need to ensure that party interests are not allowed to take control of it again. A simple first principle therefore would be to exclude members of political parties from becoming MPs: if your party comes first, as now, you cannot be representing your constituents.

An alternative might be to make the practice of coercion and whipping illegal, but really, if the public are to get the representatives they need, parties should not be allowed any greater access to the decision making process than any other lobby group. The parties, in any case, have smaller support bases than many other interest groups, so why are they allowed to have both exclusive access to and control of what passes for democracy?

Abolish the office of Prime Minister: This office is a disaster in itself. It makes a mockery of democracy by effectively - with the collusion of the celebrity obsessed media - replacing the whole body of representatives with one man or woman: acting under the advice of a small coterie of unelected advisors and cabinet ministers who themselves, even in this high position, are to a large extent emasculated by being both handpicked by, and constrained not to disagree with, their leader, or to show any form of ‘party weakness' for the media jackals to pounce upon.

To any sane person, holding such an office would be a nightmare: anyone who actively seeks this office should therefore be immediately suspected of mental instability. At least two PMs of the last quarter century, have, in my opinion, amply demonstrated this principle. We should not blame them: we get what we deserve in ceding the power of the entire electorate to one person, and then submitting them to a constant barrage of media hype and abuse, that finally drives them out - as is currently happening with the traducing of Mr Brown, whereas previously he was heralded as something of a saviour figure.

Without the parties there is no need for a PM: we elect several hundred community representatives instead of party representatives and the whole body of MPs should form the Parliament - which would be the Government - and the votes of each shall have equal weight. Without the malign influence of party 'loyalties' parliamentarians ought surely to be able to fairly choose from amongst themselves who are best to head the various government departments, and makeup the various committees.

We already have the makings of a system for deciding the order of business in the Early Day Motion system. In many respects EDMs are the real voice of the public's concerns, yet they are treated largely with contempt by the cabinet as it proceeds with its own party agenda often in the face of public outrage.

Whilst the office of Speaker has lately begun to suffer from a similar media puff/traduce cycle as that given to the person of the PM, this office and its committee, is nevertheless the logical one to take on the role of supervising the agenda of EDMs - or motions proper as they would be under a new system. The Speaker's Office role would be to set the order of business, to see fair play, so to ensure that it is the will of the public that gets carried out, rather than the will of parties. It should be the duty of this office to guard against any tendency to a return of whipping or otherwise coercion from any interest or lobby groups.

The vote of each Representative should be decided on a proper consideration of the pros and cons of any issue; and he/she should thus be chosen by his/her constituents on the basis of proven ability to weigh up evidence and make careful and unbiased conclusions. Representatives should be open to recall by their electorate at any time it is felt that they are not being adequately represented.

End the anachronism of one general elections

No doubt there will be many ways that each community might choose its Representative/MP. Logically, this would involve elevating a suitable member from local government, or even the deliberate employment of a suitable person or persons by local government, to be ‘sent to Parliament' as the community's representative. This way there would only be the need for local elections - and the huge expense and media frenzy that is the ‘general election' would be blessedly confined to the historic annals of infamy.

Of course, this would involve the pre-requisite of a fair, democratic and party-free system of local democracy, from which the influence of the political parties was likewise excluded as in the Parliamentary case. It should not really be that difficult to set up a register of would-be councillors from within a local constituency, and to see that they are trained up in local issues and history, and otherwise qualified to act as informed public representatives, at either local or Parliamentary level. One of the duties of local authorities should be the setting up and financing of such genuinely independent constitutional colleges or departments for the proper training or screening/assessment of prospective public representatives.

Anyone with any experience of community groups will understand that there is a wealth of informed and ably active people who might wish to stand as local representatives, if only the parties didn't exercise complete control over the system, and exclude non party members from it. Indeed, taking the parties out of the system would probably so greatly improve the prospect and civility of council meetings, that people could be falling over each other in their eagerness to take part! In addition, with party agendas and ambitions taken out of the process, it would probably be found that there was in fact much less ‘business' that councils actually need to do, and the workload of prospective councillors might be considerably less than it is now. As with MPs, councillors would be recallable at any time by their constituents, to account for themselves and be replaced if found wanting.

So, Helena, you are selling the public short when you write:

"It's too late for us to bring change to our current set of MPs, but the general elections are coming up. We can make sure that the next Parliament is a reforming one"

Ms Kennedy, under the current system you can do no such thing: you will only make sure that the cycle carries on as always if you do not take steps to change the system and the MPs, while the public is still reeling from the events of the last two years, and desperate for radical change. As the system itself is at fault, you should not be relying on, or waiting for, any ‘general elections' to effect the necessary changes. Power2010 should, instead, be acting to expose the travesty of democracy that is taking place under the steerage of the media and the parties, and to get the public to demand an end to this system NOW: not at the convenience of the very people who profit from the status quo.

We do indeed: "need to act to take power from the hands of the politicians and put it back in ours where it belongs."

But empowering the people means disempowering the parties! This cannot be done by electing any of them for yet another long 5 year term! We the public should take back the power by deciding for ‘ourselves' the when, where, the how, and the who, of any future elections, that ‘we' decide are necessary. We should not be trying to convince turkeys to vote for Christmas: it is long past the time when we should be telling them to get stuffed!

Sincerely,

Steve Hawkins

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Comments

Anthony Barnett
2 October 2009 - 1:26pm

So: we while have political parties to organise for their policies but they can't run candidates, we don't have one-off general elections but we have various ways and times of localities sending someone to parliament, and we don't have a prime minister (aka the monarch) deciding things. But isn't this a civil servant's wet dream? Don't they anyway now act as if this were indeed the case? Given that there are organised economic interests how can they be governed without political organising?

It's great to have a genuinely refreshing totally radical view but...

spamlet
2 October 2009 - 4:20pm

Anthony Barnett points out some of the many issues that will have to be addressed head on if we are to begin to seize power back from the politicians as Power2010 hopes.

If we want to influence the way political parties wield power, it is probably better not to give it to them in the first place: we already know they cannot be trusted.

Parties are no bigger than many other campaigning groups, and they should have to lobby any future parliament for any changes they want, in just the same way that other lobbies do now.  The critical difference being that in this future parliament, there would be rational people trying to assess the merits of their proposals, rather than party clones with their own agenda and hands tied behind their back by whips.

Currently, the civil servants and the politicians enjoy a cosy relationship where each can blame the other for anything that goes wrong or is unpopular.  A typical occurrence I recall is that of pleading with a regional government office to intercede in a planning matter that was being forced through by a local authority in spite of guidance to the contrary.  I was told that I should not suggest that the GO could interfere with the democratic process!  Thus we had planning guidance but nobody to enforce it but the party hacks, most of whom wouldn't be reading it in the first place, and who in many cases are the actual originators of the development proposal.  Nevertheless, a typical justification for development from a councillor, would be "Well if we don't get to build this: we might be made to build something much worse - because the GO will insist."  It is quite normal in my experience for our 'democratic representatives' to claim they have no power over the officials and for the officials to claim the same of the politicians.  Either way, there is no third party right of appeal, and nobody truly independent to appeal to in any case!

A parliament of real public representatives should have no problems exerting their proper power in turn over their officers, and in setting the example for democratisation to percolate down through the various gov departments and quangos as well.

Incidentally, I did once get the opportunity to ask at a public inquiry, of an official in the 'witness box', if he was a public servant.  I meant to go on and ask therefore why he was championing a development that most of the public were against, but as you may guess, I never got the chance: he practically exploded!

Steve Hawkins

Simon Best (not verified)
3 October 2009 - 5:57am

This sounds really bad, comrade.

Firstly, it sounds like the equivalent of a one party state. What's important, though, is not the terminology itself (doesn't matter whether we call it a party or not), but the actual reality of it (how it actually works, regardless of what it's called).

The thing about one party states is that the party is itself a part of the state. It might pretend to be somehow distinct from the state, but such a distinction would be misleading. Doing away with parties altogether (or banishing them, so that they're just campaign groups,) would result in something equivalent to a one party state. We just wouldn't be calling it a "party".

Secondly, doing away with direct elections, having some indirect system instead, sounds worse than the current system. At least with the current system, we get to choose which party we wish to have our representative from. Yes, it's a very limited choice, but it's still more choice than not getting to vote at all.

Perhaps one of the most telling paragraphs is this, since it sounds like a rough description of Soviet democracy:-

Steve Hawkins wrote:
Of course, this would involve the pre-requisite of a fair, democratic and party-free system of local democracy, from which the influence of the political parties was likewise excluded as in the Parliamentary case. It should not really be that difficult to set up a register of would-be councillors from within a local constituency, and to see that they are trained up in local issues and history, and otherwise qualified to act as informed public representatives, at either local or Parliamentary level. One of the duties of local authorities should be the setting up and financing of such genuinely independent constitutional colleges or departments for the proper training or screening/assessment of prospective public representatives.

Each "register of would-be councillors" would be a bit like a local party membership list. Those "constitutional colleges or departments for the proper training or screening/assessment of prospective public representatives" would be ideological/political indoctrination centres, in effect. Who's to say what they ought to be taught? Who's to say what the curriculum ought to be?

You're calling for representative democracy to be reduced to a sham of local democracy, and for that to be used as the basis for claimed democratic legitimacy of the system as a whole. Once the Supreme Soviet - I mean, Parliament takes control of what the training curriculum and "screening/assessment" criteria have to be, along with legislating on local government generally, you'll have a one party dictatorship.

You're really calling for the abolition of democracy.

Let's learn from history, and see what we can learn from Soviet democracy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_democracy

spamlet
4 October 2009 - 12:38pm

Sorry Simon, but I do not agree with your pessimistic assessment.

As I noted, these were intentionally bold ideas to encourage people to think of radical alternative ways to achieve the grab back of power from the self appointed, and self governing, political parties that is the object of Power2010.

As I see it, I already live in a one party state and am disenfranchised by that party: the Growth Party composed of a cartel of 3 historic factions who's individual, and group self interests conspire to prevent any movement towards real democracy.
I am not aware of any real democracies anywhere, and certainly not in the Soviet Union, but that is not the point, I am interested in wresting back the power from the parties who currently act as if they rule by divine right: in this country.(And following the Irish referendum, the prospect of a possible 'born again Blair' Presidency of Europe, fills me with horror!).

A party state should not be allowed to develop under the system I suggest because all the representatives would face recall at any time by their constituents. An active press/media/blogosphere ought to be able to root out any malign tendencies towards 'restrictive practices' by MPs just as effectively as they currently sniff out 'party weaknesses', or drug taking by athletes. It just needs a mind shift of the kind 2010 is asking for.
When you say: Yes, it's a very limited choice, but it's still more choice than not getting to vote at all." You are giving the parties carte blanche to carry on as always.  Because being on the electoral roll implies support for this sorry state of affairs, I do not find it in my conscience to allow myself to be on that roll, and that is why I urge that one of the measures adopted by Power2010 is the setting up of a dissenters register for those who feel disenfranchised as I do.

And I did not say to do away with elections: I said to have proper elections where local people get to choose from among properly trained local candidates rather than party hacks imposed upon them from outside. If those local people decide they want to have separate elections to choose their MP as well as their local councillors that is entirely up to them, but I see no need whatever for the expensive media circus that is the general election. These are just treated like any other sporting event and have nothing to do with democracy.

Any register of those wishing to be public representatives would be no more a party list than the existing register of electors.In fact once on the list, public scrutiny would soon root out any undeclared party allegiances, and only those people who enjoyed the support of their local communities would make it through to the ballot.  The parties give you no choice at all.

As for the training institutions, I meant as part of normal education - what you describe are the existing party 'electoral colleges' -, with a proper curriculum and qualifications: e.g. local history and geography, local demographics, the planning system (Hopefully a highly democratically reformed one!) etc. (I recall that the town of Beverley in Humberside did once experiment with such a training scheme, as was reported in the Guardian some years ago.) Yes, there are biased educational establishments. Those also need to be changed.

And if you want a message from history for today from a 'comradely source', try this: "It is enough to mention the commercial crises that by their periodical return put on its trial each time more threateningly, the existence of the entire bourgeois society... And how does the bourgeoisie get over these crises? On the one hand by the enforced destruction of a mass of productive forces; on the other, by the conquest of new markets, and by the more thorough exploitation of the old ones. That is to say, by paving the way for more extensive and more destructive crises, and by diminishing the means whereby crises are prevented." Ring any bells with recent history?

This is Karl Marx's astute observation of 1848. It is a shame that what the 'manifesto' introduces does not live up to his observations of the problems, but the observations are as true now as ever. The evidence being that for politicians, 'business as usual' is as ever, the only game in town, and they will not learn from their mistakes, or from the mistakes of history, until the planet has been trashed and its population are delivered back into the Stone Age. Sadly, from history, even then they probably will not learn.

Thank you for giving me the opportunity to amplify. Steve Hawkins

JKB Suther land (not verified)
3 October 2009 - 3:20pm

Interesting post. For some time I've been equally puzzled as to how anyone can take our current political arrangements seriously. You might be interested in Ivo Mosley's essay on the inherently undemocratic nature of electoral representation:

http://realdemoc.blogspot.com/2009/05/time-for-some-democracy.html

The Jury Team is also committed to politics without parties (although one wonders just who is pulling the strings): http://www.juryteam.org/

Also a series of books advocating the random selection of citizens for parliament (one of them co-authored by Anthony Barnett): http://www.imprint-academic.com/pp

spamlet
4 October 2009 - 5:53pm

Thanks for the links.

Ivo Mosley's essays do chime considerably with my own thoughts.

I particularly liked the coining of 'oncocracy' which I think well describes our current system of leadership based solely on the pursuit of 'growth'.

The quote of Franklin's - 'Democracy is two wolves and a sheep deciding what's for dinner' -, highlights the need for a proper constitution, bill of rights and judiciary to keep government within bounds.

The Jury Team, looks on a first glance to be just the job, but is still rather relying on tinkering with the existing system and hoping to be allowed in by the club it is trying to oust. Their particular topics for their first 8 referenda, are not the set that would have first come to my mind though, so I too wonder a little at 'who is pulling the strings.'  If there was a 'libertarian' agenda behind this I would not like to recommend it.

The jury of citizens idea also chimes with one of my thoughts as to the selection of representatives, whereby representation could be seen as a form of service, and candidates taken from a register like that for jury service.  I opted for a voluntary register in my piece because I did not think everyone would feel up to the job of adequately representing their fellows. A further thought might be that 'the jury', if we cannot end the party system, could be the second house in place of the Lords.

A thoughtful response.

Thanks

S

JKB Sutherland (not verified)
5 October 2009 - 9:58am

Anthony Barnett would certainly agree with you that the Lords is the ideal locus for a citizens jury (see his book The Athenian Option), although I think this is another case of tinkering with the existing system as the real problem is the fusion of powers in the House of Commons, and the appropriation of power by tiny cabals (in a similar manner as Militant took over local Labour constituency groups in the 1980s) The Westminster cabals are more centrists in their orientation, but even smaller than Militant. Party members no longer have any influence over the cabals (as the Lib Dems discovered at their conference).

I'm more disposed to develop the role of the Lords as a chamber of expertise and informed advocacy and argue for random selection in the Commons. The trouble with a voluntary register for the jury is that self-selection can never provide the necessary breadth and balance of perspective that is needed to fulfil the Condorcet Jury Theorem (see Surowiecki's book The Wisdom of Crowds for an update of Condorcet's criteria). It really needs to be a civic obligation, rather than an opportunity for activists and the chattering classes in general.

spamlet
6 October 2009 - 4:33pm

Agree with your first para.  But I don't have the benefit of the necessary wider reading to follow the argument for 'random selection in the Commons' - not sure quite what this means at the moment.

However, if it means candidates for election to the commons are chosen at random and then subjected to an electoral process, then this latter should 'weed out' those who turn out to be not suited to the role, or are unable to  devote the necessary time to being a representative.  If the idea is that those on the register would automatically become representatives on random selection, I don't see how this could be relied upon to select suitably skilled persons:  for many it might take a long time to get sufficiently up to date with current issues to be able to make informed choices on behalf of their communities (Yes I appreciate that is already what happens with our 'ministers' and their constant reshuffling before getting to learn the job.).

These reforms/details are however, entirely dependent on first wresting power from the existing parties, which surely we must do by first registering our dissent from them. With a big enough register, Power2010 would have the real clout to demand reforms, and then thrash out the details.  As it stands 'we' have no cards to play with.

Steve Hawkins ('Spamlet')

 

JKB Sutherland (not verified)
6 October 2009 - 7:09pm

The trouble with our fused political system is that we expect our political representatives to be experts. But if you follow the analogy of the trial jury more closely, the jurers merely listen to the arguments of competing advocates before exercising their independent judgment. The jury only "represents" the broader community in so far as it is composed of amateurs.

If we are to select MPs randomly then very different mechanisms have to be put into place for appointing government ministers and advocates and also for the representation of interests (as defined by Hannah Pitkin). I go into this in great detail in my book, A People's Parliament.

Interestingly James Harrington, who is the historical source for my work, did propose that a pool of randomly-selected citizens should then be subject to a preference vote. But Harrington wrote his book in the seventeenth century, long before the era of party politics, and he built in a number of draconian safeguards against factionalism, that would not be acceptable in a modern liberal democracy. The sad truth is that as soon as you have any form of preference election you will end up with parties and we're back where we started. Paul Judge's Jury Team is a political party just like all the others.

spamlet
8 October 2009 - 4:48pm

Looks like you are way ahead of me in thinking through the workings of a possible alternative system once the existing one has been shoe-horned out.  It is a bit difficult to visualise without having read your book, so I may have to find the time to do so before Power2010 enters 'phase2'.

Thanks for the interesting comments,

S

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