> ## Content Index > Fetch the complete content index at: https://www.opendemocracy.net/llms.txt > Use this file to discover other available public pages before exploring further. # The Prison Policy Initiative - URL: https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/ppireport/ - Published: 2012-11-29T18:11:27.000Z - Updated: 2026-04-23T01:19:06.000Z - Description: The Prison Policy Initiative was founded in 2001 by Peter Wagner. While they are most famous for their work documenting how mass incarceration skews American democracy, they're also demonstrating how mass incarceration impacts everyone, not just those directly involved in the criminal justice syst - Author: Charles Shaw - Tags: Crime, justice & law, #Migrated, Health & care, Drug & Criminal Justice Policy Forum, Prison Reform, #en, #Import 2026-04-09 17:27, #appended-excerpt The Prison Policy Initiative research page at [http://www.prisonpolicy.org/research.html](http://www.prisonpolicy.org/research.html?ref=opendemocracy.net) has been updated with 14 new reports. *The Prison Policy Initiative was founded in 2001 by* [*Peter Wagner*](http://www.prisonpolicy.org/staff.html?ref=opendemocracy.net#wagner)*. While we are most famous for our work documenting how mass incarceration skews our democracy, that’s just one part of our mission. We’re demonstrating how mass incarceration impacts everyone, not just those directly involved in the criminal justice system. Our research and the campaigns we spark empower new voices to help set criminal justice policy in this country.* \~ \~ \~ Correctional Populations in the United States, 2011 by Bureau of Justice Statistics, November, 2012 "At yearend 2011, about 1 in every 50 adults in the U.S. was supervised in the community on probation or parole while about 1 in every 107 adults was incarcerated in prison or jail." [http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpus11.pdf](http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpus11.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Probation and Parole in the United States, 2011 by Bureau of Justice Statistics, November, 2012 "At yearend 2011, for the first time since 2002, the U.S. probation population fell below 4 million." [http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/ppus11.pdf](http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/ppus11.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Arrest in the United States, 1990-2010 by Bureau of Justice Statistics, October, 2012 "The number of murder arrests in the U.S. fell by half between 1990 and 2010\. The adult and juvenile arrest rates dropped substantially in the 1990s, while both continued to fall about 20% between 2000 and 2010, reaching their lowest levels since at least" [http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/aus9010.pdf](http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/aus9010.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ California Youth Crime Plunges to All-Time Low by Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice, October, 2012 "All categories of crime fell substantially among youths in 2011. Felony arrests were down 17%, both violent and property felonies were down 16%, misdemeanor and status offenses were down 21%, and homicide was down 26%." [http://www.cjcj.org/files/CA\_Youth\_Crime\_2011.pdf](http://www.cjcj.org/files/CA%5FYouth%5FCrime%5F2011.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Firearms Stolen during Household Burglaries and Other Property Crimes, 2005 2005-2010 by Bureau of Justice Statistics, November, 2012 "On average, firearms were stolen in an annual average of about 4% of the 2.4 million burglaries occurring each year, in 2% of the 529,200 robberies, and in less than 1% of the 13.6 million other crimes involving theft from 2005 through 2010." [http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/fshbopc0510.pdf](http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/fshbopc0510.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Performance Incentive Funding Aligning Fiscal and Operational Responsibility to Produce More Safety at Less Cost by Vera Institute of Justice, November, 2012 "Community corrections agencies should adopt evidence-based practices that are proven to reduce recidivism and achieve successful offender outcomes. States should return some of the state savings to local agencies when those practices reduce recidivism." [http://www.vera.org/files/performance-incentive-funding-report.pdf](http://www.vera.org/files/performance-incentive-funding-report.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Roadblocks to Reform Perils for Georgia's Criminal Justice System by Southern Center for Human Rights, November, 2012 "The traits endemic in private prison-- poorly trained staff, inadequate services, higher rates of violence and other infractions \-- dovetail with one another and are mutually reinforcing." [http://www.schr.org/files/post/Privatization%20Report%20FINAL.pdf](http://www.schr.org/files/post/Privatization%20Report%20FINAL.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Prison Visitation Policies A Fifty State Survey by Chesa Boudin, Trevor Stutz & Aaron Littman, November, 2012 "This memorandum presents a summary of the findings from a survey of prison visitation policies in the fifty states and in the system run by the Federal Bureau of Prisons ("BOP")." [http://www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/ssrn-id2171412.pdf](http://www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/ssrn-id2171412.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ The Post-Release Employment and Recidivism Among Different Types of Offende A 5-Year Follow-Up Study in Indiana by Indiana Department of Corrections and Ball State University, April, 2012 "Offenders who had a lower level of education not only had a higher recidivism rate, but also such uneducated/under-educated offenders were likely to be re-incarcerated earlier than those offenders who had a higher level of education." [http://www.cjcj.org/files/The\_Post-Release.pdf](http://www.cjcj.org/files/The%5FPost-Release.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Engaging Police in Immigrant Communities Promising Practices from the Field by Vera Institute of Justice, October, 2012 "This report describes a variety of approaches to building and maintaining effective police-immigrant relations developed by a diverse group of law enforcement agencies." [http://www.vera.org/download?file=3598/engaging-police-in-immigrant-communities.pdf](http://www.vera.org/download?file=3598/engaging-police-in-immigrant-communities.pdf&ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Reforming Juvenile Justice A Developmental Approach by National Research Council, November, 2012 "A harsh system of punishing troubled youth can make things worse, while a scientifically based juvenile justice system can make an enduring difference in the lives of many youth who most need the structure and services it can provide." [http://www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/14685.pdf](http://www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/14685.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ The Disparate Treatment of Native Hawaiians In the Criminal Justice System by Office of Hawaiian Affairs, November, 2012 "An analysis of data, controlling for age, gender, and type of charge, found that for any given determination of guilt, Native Hawaiians are much more likely to get a prison sentence than almost all other groups, except for Native Americans." [http://caphawaii.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/disparate-treatment-of-native-hawaiians-in-cj.pdf](http://caphawaii.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/disparate-treatment-of-native-hawaiians-in-cj.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Pretrial Release and Misconduct in Federal District Courts, 2008-2010 by Bureau of Justice Statistics, November, 2012 "About half (51%) of defendants with no prior arrest history were released pretrial, compared to 34% of defendants with 2 to 4 prior arrests and 21% of defendants with more than 10 prior arrests." [http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/prmfdc0810.pdf](http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/prmfdc0810.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ Intimate Partner Violence, 1993-2010 by Bureau of Justice Statistics, November, 2012 "From 1994 to 2010, the overall rate of intimate partner violence in the United States declined by 64%, from 9.8 victimizations per 1,000 persons age 12 or older to 3.6 per 1,000." [http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/ipv9310.pdf](http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/ipv9310.pdf?ref=opendemocracy.net) \~ \~ \~ The Prison Policy Initiative research page is the internet's largest library of empirical research about prisons and crime. Please consider supporting our research and advocacy by making an online donation at [http://www.prisonpolicy.org/donate.html](http://www.prisonpolicy.org/donate.html?ref=opendemocracy.net) Thank you! The Prison Policy Initiative was founded in 2001 by [Peter Wagner](http://www.prisonpolicy.org/staff.html?ref=opendemocracy.net#wagner). While they are most famous for their work documenting how mass incarceration skews American democracy, they're also demonstrating how mass incarceration impacts everyone, not just those directly involved in the criminal justice system, empowering new voices to help set criminal justice policy.