Flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland after World War II. Wikimedia/public domain."It is a rare event for international lawyers to overwhelmingly agree on the content, scope and interpretation of international law".

This remark by Başak Çali, Director of the Center of Global Public Law, captures well the events, during and shortly after, the Annual Conference of the European Society of International Law.

As a result of a conference session on the refugee crisis, an open letter was drafted, and within 48 hours signed by over 674 lawyers and leading experts in the field. Due to the overwhelming demand and the on-going discussions at EU level, the letter was reopened for signature and is now supported by more than 900 international lawyers including academics from all the top universities in the world.

The Open Letter addressed to 'the peoples of Europe, the European Union, EU Member States and their representatives on the Justice and Home Affairs Council' makes an important intervention because it does not argue on the basis of compassion or morality, but at the level of international legal obligations, a point that has been neglected in the public debate.

As Oxford's Cathryn Costello was able to report, on 30th September, the office of the President of the European Commission, Mr Jean-Claude Juncker, responded to the Open Letter explaining that the Member of the Commission responsible for Migration, Home Affairs and Citizenship, Mr Dimitris Avramopoulos ‘is looking into the points you have raised and will respond … rapidly’.

In summary, the Open Letter urges European states and the EU to undertake the following:

- Meet their obligations of international responsibility-sharing, to resettle significant numbers of refugees and provide aid to countries hosting large numbers of refugees.

- Abandon those policies preventing safe and legal access to protection with regards to those seeking refuge in Europe. The UNHCR estimates over 2,860 people have died at sea trying to get to Europe this year alone. Suspending carrier sanctions and issuing humanitarian visas would largely prevent the need for those seeking refuge to make dangerous journeys.

- Respect and protect the human rights of those seeking refuge once they are in Europe, including by enabling them to access asylum procedures or ensuring safe passage to countries where they wish to seek international protection.

- Immediately suspend Dublin returns of asylum-seekers to their first point of entry, but ensure that its rules on family reunification are implemented fully and swiftly.

- Relocate asylum-seekers and refugees in a manner that respects the dignity and agency of those relocated, and increases Europe’s capacity to offer protection. 

- Replace the Dublin System with one that accords with international human rights law and respects the dignity and autonomy of asylum-seekers, and supports international and intra- European responsibility-sharing.

- Implement fair and swift procedures to recognise all those in need of international protection.

- While claims are being examined, afford those in need of international protection, at a minimum, the reception conditions to which they are entitled in international human rights and EU law. 

- Respect the right to family life, including positive obligations with regard to family unity, facilitation of swift family reunification and family tracing. 

- Treat all refugees, asylum-seekers and migrants with dignity and respect, respecting and protecting their human rights, irrespective of status. 

The obligations outlined are part of international refugee law, a body of International Law that evolved in the aftermath of WWI and WWII around the protection of migrants and refugees. The 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol are key instruments and by 2015 148 states are party to one or both of these instruments.

Additionally, the principle of non-refoulement is part of customary law and prohibits the return of a person to a country where her or his life or freedom is threatened. In the EU, these international legal obligations have over time been severely undermined. A border regime that is designed to deter entry into the European Union forces many onto a perilous and often deadly journey over the Mediterranean Sea. 

International law does not have the mechanisms to enforce compliance by states so such initiatives remain an important moral force. Let us not forget the legacy of two world wars and our common humanity.

Refugees at Spačva train station, Croatia, 2015. Fotomovimiento/Flickr. Some rights reserved.

28 September 2015

We, the undersigned international lawyers, gathered at the European Society of International Law 11th Annual Meeting in Oslo on 12th September 2015, and other international law scholars and experts, condemn the failure to offer protection to people seeking refuge in Europe, and the lack of respect for the human rights of those seeking refuge.

In particular, we express our horror at the human rights violations being perpetrated against thoseseeking refuge, in particular the acts of violence, unjustified coercion and arbitrary detention.

We note that European states have obligations not only to refugees and migrants on their territories, but that international refugee law rests on international responsibility sharing. The world’s refugees are disproportionately outside Europe. We note that over nine-tenths of Syrian refugees are in five countries, Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt and Iraq. We note that around one quarter of Lebanon’s population comprises refugees.

We note that all European states have obligations not only to refugees as defined under the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees, but also to those protected against return under international human rights law and customary international law. We note that this broad duty of non-refoulement protects all those at real risk of serious human rights violations if returned. They should be afforded international protection. EU Member States have further obligations under EU law.

We urge European states and the EU to alleviate the humanitarian crisis, prevent further loss of life in dangerous journeys to Europe by providing safe passage, and live up to their obligations in international and EU law.

We recall the legacy of Fridtjof Nansen, the first League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, and the initiator of the Nansen passport, created to facilitate the safe passage and legal migration opportunities for refugees and stateless persons.

We urge European states and the EU to: 

- Meet their obligations of international responsibility-sharing, to resettle significant numbers of refugees and provide aid to countries hosting large numbers of refugees. 

- As regards those seeking protection in Europe, abandon those policies which prevent safe and legal access to protection. The UNHCR estimates over 2,860 people have died at sea trying to get to Europe this year alone. Suspending carrier sanctions and issuing humanitarian visas would largely prevent the need for those seeking refuge to make dangerous journeys.

 - Respect and protect the human rights of those seeking refuge once they are in Europe, including by enabling them to access asylum procedures or ensuring safe passage to countries where they wish to seek international protection.

- Immediately suspend Dublin returns of asylum-seekers to their first point of entry, but ensure that its rules on family reunification are implemented fully and swiftly.

-Relocate asylum-seekers and refugees in a manner that respects the dignity and agency of those relocated, and increases Europe’s capacity to offer protection.

- Replace the Dublin System with one which accords with international human rights law and respects the dignity and autonomy of asylum-seekers, and supports international and intra-European responsibility-sharing.

- Implement fair and swift procedures to recognize all those in need of international protection.

- While claims are being examined, afford those in need of international protection, at a minimum, the reception conditions to which they are entitled in international human rights and EU law.

- Respect the right to family life, including positive obligations with regard to family unity, facilitation of swift family reunification and family tracing.

- Treat all refugees, asylum-seekers and migrants with dignity and respect, respecting and protecting their human rights, irrespective of status.

Başak Çalı, Center for Global Public Law, Koç University

Cathryn Costello, Refugee Studies Centre, University of Oxford

Guy Goodwin-Gill, All Souls College, University of Oxford

Ralph Wilde, University College London

Adel Abdullin, Kazan Federal University

David Abraham, School of Law, University of Miami

Diego Acosta, University of Bristol

Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado, Universidad Externado de Colombia

Siobhan Airey, University of Ottawa

Marjan Ajevski, Central European University

Rajnaara Akhtar, University of Warwick

Susan Akram, Boston University

Marina Aksenova, University of Copenhagen

Alberto Alemanno, HEC Paris

Chrysa Alexandraki, University of Oslo & PluriCourts

Ana Silvia Alfonzo, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Rosa Ana Alija Fernández, Universitat de Barcelona

Zoi Aliozi, National University of Ireland

Jessica Almqvist, Autonóma University of Madrid

Antonio Alvarez, International Criminal Court

Alessia Alvino, Rome

Olufemi Amao, Sussex Law School, University of Sussex

Cesla Amarelle, Université de Neuchâtel

Cyril Amberg, Graduate Institute of International Studies

Jennifer Ang, The Open University in Scotland

Deborah Anker, Harvard Law School, Harvard University (for identification purposes only)

Maria Jose Añon, University of Valencia (Spain)

Fahad Ansari, Duncan Lewis Solicitors

Don Anton, Griffith Law School, Griffith University

Jelena Aparac, University Paris Ouest Nanterre

Betsy Apple, School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University

Maria Chiara Arca, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Sabrineh Ardalan, Harvard Law School, Harvard University (for identification purposes only)

Marie Aronsson-Storrier, University of Reading

Engin Arslan, Altadvocaten, immigration lawyers

Bojana Asanovic, Lamb Building (Barristers’ chambers)

Richard Ashcroft, Queen Mary University of London

Alexandre Aslanian, European Legal Network on Asylum (ELENA), France

Mariano Aznar, Universitat Jaume I

Nika Bacic Selanec, Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb

Jelena Baeumler, University of Rostock

Başak Bağlayan, Luxembourg University

Cecilia Bailliet, University of Oslo

Edlira Baka-Peço, Albania

Asli Bali, School of Law, University of California, Los Angeles

Rick Ball, University of the West of England

Alessandra Ballerini, Studio Legale

Alanna Almeida Bandeira, Olea

Anna Baracchi, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Marianne Barreto Fonseca Antunes de Oliveira, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo

Marija Bartl, University of Amsterdam

Tugba Basaran, University of Kent

Marie-Laure Basilien-Gainche, University Jean Moulin Lyon 3

Jurgen Bast, University of Giessen

Filipe Brito Bastos, European University Institute

Céline Bauloz, University of Fribourg

Moritz Baumgärtel, Université Libre de Bruxelles

Francoise Baylis, Dalhousie University

Diana Baxter, Wesley Gryk Solicitors

Julija Brsakoska Bazerkoska, Saints Cyril and Methodius University

Ana Beduschi, University of Exeter

Daniel Behn, PluriCourts, University of Oslo

Sara Bengtson, Raoul Wallenberg Institute for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law

Shauna Benson, Solicitor

Jessica Benvenutti-Houriez, Avocats sans Frontières

Tarald Laudal Berge, PluriCourts, University of Oslo

Sarah Berger Richardson, Faculty of Law, McGill University

Lucía Berro Pizzarossa, University of Groningen

Daniel Bertolucci Torres, Caritas Arquidiocesana, São Paulo

Chaloka Beyani, London School of Economics

Maria Bexelius, Uppsala University

Jacqueline Bhabha, Harvard University (for identification purposes only)

Neha Bhat, International Catholic Migration Commission (ICMC) & United Nations High

Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Kinnari Bhatt, School of Law, University of Greenwich

Giuseppe Bianco, University of Oslo & Université Panthéon-Sorbonne

Anouk Biersteker, Vrije Universiteit

Julian Bild, Solicitor

Eirik Bjorge, University of Oxford

Andrea Bjorklund, Faculty of Law, McGill University

Erik Stefano Carlo Bodda, Bodda & Partners Law Firm

Pieter Boeles, VU University Amsterdam

Lianne Boer, VU University Amsterdam

Alan Bogg, University of Oxford

Syd Bolton, Child rights lawyer

Blaine Bookey, Center for Gender & Refugee Studies, University of California Hastings

Adriana Bonomo, Food and Agriculture Organization

Florian Borg, Syndicat des Avocats de France (SAF)

Arlette Borgdorff, International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY)

Rada Boric, Centre for Women's Studies

Marcel Bosonnet, Rechtsanwalt

Mary Bosworth, University of Oxford

Paul Bourgues, Université Grenoble-Alpes

Samuel Boutruche, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Caterina Bove, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

India Reed Bowers, International Organization for Self-Determination and Equality (IOSDE)

Mark Bowman, Brent Community Law Centre

Bill Bowring, Birkbeck College, University of London

Martha Bradley, University of Pretoria

Eva Brems, Ghent University

Anna Marie Brennan, University of Liverpool

John Brick, Johnston Solicitors

Catherine Briddick, University of Oxford

Ruth Brittle, University of Nottingham

Evelien Brouwer, VU University Amsterdam

Ina Brouwer, Bellius Lawyers

Eddie Bruce-Jones, Birkbeck College, School of Law, University of London

Arthur Brunner, University of Zurich

Giovanni Carlo Bruno, National Research Council of Italy

Susan Bryant, Garden Court Chambers

Kim Shayo Buchanan, University of Southern California

Johannes Buchheim, Yale Law School

Andrea Buffa, Arci - L'altro diritto

Roberta Buhagiar, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Karin Buhmann, Copenhagen Business School

Dawid Bunikowski, Law School, University of Eastern Finland

Tony Bunyan, Statewatch

Gian Luca Burci, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies

Michelle Burgis-Kasthala, University of Edinburgh

Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen, Ecole de droit de la Sorbonne (Paris 1)

Brian Burns, Burns Kelly Corrigan Solicitors

Carina Bury, Sciences Po Law School

Christine Byron, Cardiff University

Jessica Cabot, School of Law, University of Connecticut

Wagner Cabral, São Paulo City Hall

Susanna Cafaro, Universita' del Salento

Chiara Calderoni, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Andrea Caligiuri, University of Macerata

Andrea Callaioli, Lawyer, Pisa

Meghan Campbell, University of Oxford

Simon Caney, University of Oxford

David Cantor, University of London

Tamara Ćapeta, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Law

Francesca Capone, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna

Gerarda Carbone, associazione di volontariato

Andrea Carcano, University of Milano-Bicocca

Luciana Carnevale, coop sociale intesa, Como

Judith Carter, Liverpool University Law Clinic

Joshua Castellino, School of Law, Middlesex University, London

Sonia Caton, Lawyer and Chair, Refugee Council of Australia

Arthur Augusto Catraio, University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne

Leonardo Cavaliere, MSNA (Minori Stranieri Non Accompagnati)

Kathleen Cavanaugh, Irish Centre for Human Rights & National University of Ireland

Andres Ceballos Cabrillo, Abogado

Danya Centeno, Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México

Christina Cerna, Georgetown University Law School

Grazia Cesaro, Camera Minorile Milano (UNCM)

Parosha Chandran, 1 Pump Court Cambers

Violeta Chapin, Law School, University of Colorado

Joyeeta Chatterjee, McGill University

S Chelvan, No5 Chambers

Mindy Chen-Wishart, Merton College, University of Oxford

Vincent Chetail, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies

Daniel Chiaretti, Defensoria Pública da União

Bhupinder Chimni, Jawaharlal Nehru University

Lydia Chiotaki, Athens

Alessandra Chirico, European University Institute

Ryoa Chung, Université de Montréal

Rosanna Ciaceri, Ass.ne Immigrati Cittadini

Ioana Cismas, University of Stirling

Peter Claeys, Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Marta Clapés, Associació Catalana per a la Defensa dels Drets Humans (ACDDH) & Advocats

Europeus Demòcrates (AED)

Carolina Claro, University of Brasília

Donna Cline, Attorney at Law, Washington

Yvonne Coenders, Cirkel Advocaten

Richard Collins, University College Dublin

Esmeralda Colombo, University of Bergen & Columbia University

Elena Consiglio, CLEDU (legal clinic for human rights), University of Palermo

Mariella Console, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Aristoteles Constantinides, University of Cyprus

Fons Coomans, Maastricht University

Leiry Cornejo Chavez, European University Institute

Galina Cornelisse, VU University

Claudio Corradetti, University of Oslo

Olivier Corten, Université libre de Bruxelles

Fulvio Cortese, University of Trento

Catherine Cosgrave, Immigrant Council of Ireland Independent Law Centre, Dublin

Miguel João Costa, Maastricht University

Nicola Countouris, University College London

Simon Cox, Doughty Street Chambers

Sarah Craig, University of Glasgow

Evan Criddle, College of William and Mary

Marianna Crippa, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Anthony Cullen, School of Law, Middlesex University, London

Joshua Curtis, Free University Berlin

Federica D’Alessandra, Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, Harvard University (for identification

purposes only)

Pierre d'Argent, University of Louvain

Cristiano d’Orsi, Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria

Stéphanie Dagron, University of Zurich

Tom Dannenbaum, University College London

Shane Darcy, Irish Centre for Human Rights, NUI Galway

Virgilio Dastoli, European Movement

Jeffrey Davis, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)

Daria Davitti, Keele University

Rustem Davletgildeev, Kazan Federal University

Gráinne de Búrca, School of Law, New York University

Rosa Stella De Fazio, University of Naples Federico II

Esther de Geus, Delfshaven Advocaten

Jolanda de Jong, Advocatenkantoor De Jong

Corinne de Klerk, Advocatenkantoor De Binnenstad

Ignacio de la Rasilla, Brunel University London

Fiona de Londras, University of Birmingham

Javier de Lucas, Human Rights Institute, University of Valencia (Spain)

Denis de Ploeg, Advokatenkollektief Oost

Nicole De Silva, University of Oxford

Francesca De Vittor, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan

Christian De Vos, Leiden University

Dieneke de Vos, European University Institute

Fanny de Weck, Foraus & Forum Aussenpolitik - Switzerland

María de Zabala, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Daniela DeBono, Department for Global Political Studies, Malmo University

Sara Dehm, University of Melbourne

Andrés Delgado Casteleiro, Durham University

Simon Delaney, Delaney Attorneys

Harina Deligianni, Nea Erythraia Lyceum

Clara Della Croce, University of London

Patrick Dempsey, World Food Programme (WFP)

Inger den Haan, Coventry Law Centre

Christopher Desira, Seraphus

Elaine Dewhurst, University of Manchester

Benoit Dhondt, University of Ghent & Lawyer

Marcello Di Filippo, University of Pisa

Adriana Di Stefano, University of Catania

Emily Diab, Uppsala University, Faculty of Law

Abigail Diaz de Leon, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM)

Aleksejs Dimitrovs, Greens/European Free Alliance in the European Parliament

Marko Divac Oberg, International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia

Alice Donald, Middlesex University

Ulrike Donat, Lawyer, Hamburg

Sonya Donnelly, Barrister, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Laura Dubinsky, Doughty Street Chambers

Helen Duffy, Human Rights in Practice & University of Leiden

Jean-Francois Durieux, International Institute of Humanitarian Law

Lukasz Dziedzic, Tilburg University

Valerie Easty, Garden Court Chambers

Piet Eeckhout, University College London

Suzanne Egan, University College Dublin

Volker Eick, Republikanischer Anwältinnen- und Anwälteverein, Berlin

Nancy Eisenhauer, University of Oxford

Wil Eikelboom, Prakken d'Oliveira Human Rights Lawyers

Zeynep Elibol, Koç University

Terje Einarsen, University of Bergen

Jane Elliott-Kelly, Doughty Street Chambers

Pauline Endres de Oliveira, Lawyer, Berlin

Michel Erpelding, Université Paris 1 & Max Planck Institute Luxembourg

Seb Eskauriatza, University of Birmingham

Luis Eslava, Kent Law School

Sebastian Espinosa Velasco, Maastricht University

Carlos Esposito, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid

Jose Elias Esteve, Human Rights Institute, University of Valencia

Marina Eudes, University Paris Ouest Nanterre La Defense

Saumya Eunni Venkata, Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University

Joanna Evans, European Human Rights Advocacy Centre

Federico Fabbrini, iCourts, Faculty of Law, University of Copenhagen

Reinhold Fahlbeck, University of Lund

Katarina Fajnorova, The Human Rights League

Michael Fakhri, University of Oregon

Neil Falzon, Aditus Foundation

Andréa Farias, Defensoria Pública do Estado do Pará

Federica Favuzza, University of Milan

David Fennelly, Trinity College Dublin

Maïté Fernandez, Université Panthéon-Assas, Paris 2

Ricardo Ferreira, Lingoa

Nuno Ferreira, University of Liverpool

Ruth Ferrero, Universidad Complutense

Jared Ficklin, University of Liverpool

Veronika Fikfak, Cambridge University

Alexander Finch, Solicitor, London

Jacqueline Finn, Middlesex University

Sara Finnigan, Judgment Watch

Veronika Flegar, University of Groningen

Maria Fletcher, University of Glasgow

Tathiana Flores Acuna, Human Rights Advocate, San José

Philippe Flory, Law Faculty, Université Pierre Mendès-France (Grenoble II)

Mary Footer, University of Nottingham

Serena Forlati, University of Ferrara

Katharine Fortin, Utrecht University

Pietro Fossati, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Michelle Foster, University of Melbourne

Alexandra Francis, Yale Law School

Eleni Frantziou, School of Law, University of Westminster

Sandra Fredman, University of Oxford

Mark Freedland, University of Oxford

Nula Frei, University of Bern

Duncan French, University of Lincoln

Niels Frenzen, University of Southern California

Tomas Fridh, Fridh Advokatbyrå

Halvor Frihagen, Advokatfirma Andersen & Bache-Wiig AS

Eric Fripp, Lamb Building (Barristers' chambers)

Diane Frost, University of Liverpool

Micaela Frulli, University of Florence

Maryellen Fullerton, Brooklyn Law School

José Luis Galán, Asociación Libre de Abogados (A.L.A.)

María Galán López, Lawyer, Madrid

Mary Gallant, Faculty of Law, University of Manitoba

James Gallen, Dublin City University

Javier Galparoso, Spanish Committee Aiding Refugee People (CEAR)

Thomas Gammeltoft-Hansen, Danish Institute of Human Rights

Sarah Ganty, Université Libre de Bruxelles

Jose García Añón, Human Rights Institute, University of Valencia

Pietro Gargiulo, University of Teramo

Madeline Garlick, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands

Asier Garrido-Muñoz, Universidad de Salamanca

Hannah Garry, Gould School of Law, University of Southern California

Andres Gascon, University of Valencia (Spain)

Jean-Pierre Gauci, People for Change Foundation

Maria Gavouneli, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens

Anne-Claire Gayet, Lawyer, Montreal

Aman Gebru, University of Toronto

Karen Geertsema, Stichting Migratierecht Nederland & Hamerslag & van Haren advocaten & VU

University

Markus Gehring, University of Cambridge

Mitre Georgiev, Centre for Peace Studies

Myrto Geranopoulou, Athens

Hanna Gerdes, The Swedish Foundation for Human Rights

Nazila Ghanea, University of Oxford

Anca Gheaus, University of Sheffield & Umea University

Sonal Ghelani, Migrants’ Law Project (MLP), Islington Law Centre

Farshad Ghodoosi, Yale Law School

Geoff Gilbert, Joint Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Refugee Law, University of Essex

Isabelle Gilles, Gouvernement du Québec

Chiara Giorgetti, Richmond Law School

Mariagiulia Giuffre, Edge Hill University

Giusep Nay, Former President, Swiss Supreme Court

Roland Gjoni, School of Law, Columbia University

Eleanor Glass, Wilson Solicitors LLP

Jill Goldenziel, Harvard University (for identification purposes only)

Iris Goldner Lang, Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb

Edilson Santana Gonçalves Filho, Defensoria Pública da União (Públic Defender)

Daphne Gondicas, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale

Anthony Goodman, Middlesex University

Morag Goodwin, Tilburg University

Imogen Goold, University of Oxford

Alexandra Masako Goossens, Graduate Institute, Geneva

Harbour Grace, United Nations Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals

Michael Granne, Lawyer, Sewickley

Leslie Green, University of Oxford

Miranda Grell, Hackney Community Law Centre

Elizabeth Griffin, University of Pretoria

Alex Grigg, Barrister, London

Fabienne Griolet, Lawyer, Paris

Aeyal Gross, Tel-Aviv University & University of London

Sabine Grosskopf, Hamburg University

Mirina Grosz, University of Basle

Sandy Grubic, University of London

Giovanni Gruni, Leiden Law School

Carolus Grütters, Centre for Migration Law, Radboud University Nijmegen

Elspeth Guild, Radboud University Nijmegen

Ziya Guliyev, University of Essex

Markus Gunneflo, Faculty of Law, Lund University

Daniel Halberstam, Law School, University of Michigan & College of Europe, Bruges

Peter Halewood, Albany Law School

Raza Halim, Garden Court Chambers

Hayman Hameed, The University of Nottingham

Elisabeth Hamot, Avocate, Paris

Lynn Hancock, University of Liverpool

Matthew Happold, University of Luxembourg

Max Harris, All Souls College, University of Oxford

Stephanie Harrison QC, Garden Court Chambers

Yngvil Hartmann, Lawyer, Bergen

Alison Harvey, Immigration Law Practitioners' Association

Colin Harvey, Queen’s University Belfast

James Hathaway, Professor of Law and Director, Program in Refugee and Asylum Law, University

of Michigan & Distinguished Visiting Professor of International Refugee Law, University of

Amsterdam

Sué González Hauck, University of St Gallen

Barbara Havelkova, University of Oxford

Tetty Havinga, Radboud University

Jan-Christoph Heilinger, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Leena Heinämäki, University of Lapland

Christian Heitsch, Brunel University London

Anjo Hekman, Aartsen Hekman Lodder advocaten

William Henderson, Glasgow Caledonian University

Elisabeth V. Henn, Potsdam University

Maria Hennessy, Irish Refugee Council Independent Law Centre

Ester Herlin-Karnell, VU Amsterdam

Gleider Hernandez, Durham University

Tohouindji Christian Hessou, Université Laval

Ellen Hey, School of Law, Erasmus University Rotterdam

Inge Hidding, Hidding Breuls Meijerink Advocaten

Lawrence Hill-Cawthorne, University of Reading

Laura Hilly, Oxford Human Rights Hub, University of Oxford

Alicia Hinarejos, University of Cambridge

Leonie Hirst, Garden Court Chambers

Dan Hjortsoe, University of Seville

Jacqueline Hodgson, University of Warwick

Loveday Hodson, University of Leicester

Marion Hoffmann, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (Retired)

Annelies Hoftijzer, Hamerslag & van Haren Immigration Lawyers

Marion Hohn, Lawyer, Barcelona

Nora Honkala, University of Reading

Alexander Hoogenboom, Maastricht University

Devika Hovell, London School of Economics

Laura Hoyano, University of Oxford

Carolyn Hoyle, University of Oxford

Ben Hudson, University of Bristol

Cecilia Hulse, Lamb Building (Barristers’ chambers)

Charles Hulse, Oxford

Alexandra Huneeus, University of Wisconsin

Raza Husain, Matrix Chambers

Valeria Ilareva, Foundation for Access to Rights (FAR)

Apostolos Iliadis, Athens

Patricia Illingworth, Northeastern University

Laura Inigo Alvarez, University of Seville

Luca Insalaco, Lawyer, Palermo

Massimo Iovane, University of Naples Federico II

Nadia Ismaili, VU University

Maria Issaeva, Threefold Legal Advisors LLC

Natasha, J-Gobin, Karis Solicitors

Vijay Jagadesham, Garden Court North Chambers

Maja Janmyr, University of Bergen

Catriona Jarvis, Judge (ret.)

Kate Jastram, University of California, Berkeley

Moritz Jesse, Leiden University

Valentin Jeutner, University of Oxford

Stian Øby Johansen, University of Oslo

Fleur Johns, University of New South Wales (UNSW)

Angus Johnston, Faculty of Law, University of Oxford

Schona Jolly, Cloisters

Martin Jones, University of York

Remy Jorritsma, Max Planck Luxembourg

Olga Jurasz, Law School, Open University

Dilara K, United Nations

Mahmut Kacan, MK Law Office

Erika Kalantzi, European Legal Network on Asylum (ELENA)

Theano Kalantzi, Bar Association of Tripoli, Greece

Anil Kalhan, School of Law, Drexel University

Vik Kanwar, Jindal Global Law School

Krista Kaptein, Altadvocaten

Eleni Karageorgiou, Faculty of Law, Lund University

Markos Karavias, University of Amsterdam

Bahar Karbakhsh-Ravari, The Law Office of Bahar Karbakhsh

Mehmet Karli, Faculty of Law, University of Galatasaray

Mikhil Karnik, Garden Court North Chambers

Elena Katselli, Newcastle University

Jane Kaye, University of Oxford

Michael Kearney, University of Sussex

Rebecca Keatinge, Solicitor, Dublin

Nancy Kelly, Harvard Law School (for identification purpose only)

Alexandra Kemmerer, Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law

Sara Kendall, University of Kent

Helena Kennedy QC, Principal, Mansfield College, University of Oxford

Lamin Khadar, European University Institute & NYU & PILnet

Tarun Khaitan, University of Oxford

Urfan Khaliq, Cardiff University

Daniel-Erasmus Khan, University of the Bundeswehr, Munich

Rachel Killean, Queen's University Belfast

Charlotte Kilroy, Doughty Street Chambers

Jeff King, University College London

Colin Guthrie King, Providence College

Dorothee King, Berlin University of the Arts

Stefan Kirchner, University of Lapland

Tori Loven Kirkebø, University of Oslo

Mark Klamberg, Uppsala University

Rudolf Klever, Lawyer, Hamburg

Susan Kneebone, Law School, University of Melbourne

Erika Koenig, European Legal Network on Asylum (ELENA), France

Neža Kogovšek Šalamon, Peace Institute

Andreas Kokkinis, University of Warwick

Lisa-Marie Komp, Bucerius Law School

Naila Kosar, Clifford Johnston & Co Solicitors

Dora Kostakopoulou, University of Warwick

Maria Kotsovili, Brunel University London

Markus Krajewski, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg

Isabel Kranz, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich

Jan Kratochvil, Palacky University

Nico Krisch, Graduate Institute for International and Development Studies

Tally Kritzman-Amir, College of Law and Business, Israel

Agnieszka Kubal CSLS, University of Oxford

Filip Kuhta, Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb

Clement Augustino Juma Kulang, Citadel Immigration Lawyers Ltd

Andreas Kulick, University of Tübingen

Stefanie Kurt, University of Neuchâtel

Hiroko Kusuda, Loyola University, New Orleans, College of Law

Nikolas Kyriacou, Law Office of the Republic of Cyprus

Marianne Lagrue, Avocat, Paris

Henning Lahmann, iRights.Lab

Claire La Hovary, University of Glasgow

Lida Lakka, Lawyer, Athens

Jennifer Lambe, Lambe & Co Solicitors

Helene Lambert, University of Westminster

Hans Langenberg, LG-Advocaten

Peter Langford, Department of Law and Criminology, Edge Hill University

Lottie Lane, University of Groningen

Bethan Lant, Praxis Community Projects

Evelyn Larney, DLCM Solicitors

Kjetil M. Larsen, University of Oslo

Victoria Laughton, 1 Pump Court Chambers

Troy Lavers, University of Surrey

Liora Lazarus, University of Oxford

Philip Leach, Middlesex University

Johann Ruben Leiss, University of Oslo

Larissa Leite, Caritas Arquidiocesana de São Paulo

Hannes Lenk, University of Gothenburg

Jernej Letnar Cernic, Graduate School of Government and European Studies

George Letsas, University College London

Kate Levine, European Human Rights Advocacy Centre

Didier Leyvraz, Université de Neuchâtel

Heidi Lichteveld, Advokatenkollektief Oost

Jamie Liew, University of Ottawa

Anna Liguori, University of Naples "L'Orientale"

Christine Lin, Center for Gender & Refugee Studies, California

Jesper Lindholm, Aalborg University

Kirsty Linkin, MSM Law

Katerina Linos, Berkeley School of Law, University of California

Lucas Lixinski, University of New South Wales (UNSW)

Albert Llussà i Torra, Daly Lynch Crowe & Morris Solicitors (Dublin)

Tobias Lock, University of Edinburgh

Bobber Loos, Lawyer, Antwerp

Marco Longobardo, University of Rome Sapienza

Miriam Losa, Madrid Bar

Rosa Maria Losada, World Trade Institute, University of Bern

Alix Loubeyre, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin

Gemma Loughran, Garden Court Chambers

Tsvetanka Lozanova, Institute for Legal Sciences of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Cheryl Lucassen, Oorsprong Advocaten

Anna Lucchelli, studio legale associato lucchelli-arca

Nicola Luchi, Jonkoping University International Business School

Amy Ludlow, University of Cambridge

Derk Lugt, HvH-advocaten Amsterdam

Josipa Lulić, University of Zagreb

Wendy Lyon, KOD Lyons Solicitors

Willem Maas, Glendon College, York University

Kubo Mačák, University of Exeter

Audrey Macklin, Faculty of Law, University of Toronto

Mikael Madsen, University of Copenhagen

Dominic Magne, Solicitor, Surbiton

Zvonimir Mahecic, Protagora/ORaH

Helisane Mahlke, University of São Paulo

Said Mahmoudi, Stockholm University

Tefik Mahmut, University of Oxford

Francesco Maiani, University of Lausanne

Lucy Mair, Garden Court North Chambers

Julie Maire, Avocate, Paris

Micaela Malena, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

Katak Malla, Stockholm University

Nabila Hani Mallick, No5 Chambers

Louise Mallinder, Transitional Justice Institute, Ulster University

Ana Manero Salvador, University Carlos III

Anna Katharina Mangold, Goethe University Frankfurt

Itamar Mann, Georgetown University Law Center

David Manne, Refugee & Immigration Legal Centre

Katie Mannion, Immigrant Council of Ireland

Virginia Mantouvalou, University College London

Ritumbra Manuvie, B&B Advocates

Madhavi Marasakatla, Amity University

Joe Markus, Garden Court North Chambers

Konstantina Margariti, National and Kapodistrian University

Claudia Martin, American University Washington College of Law

Christine Martineau, Lawyer, Paris

Fanny Matthey, University of Neuchâtel

Megan Mattimoe, Advocating Opportunity

Karina Denari Mattos, FGV DIREITOSP

Julie Maupin, Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law & International Law

Sylvia Maus, University of Dresden

Natasa Mavronicola, Queen's University Belfast, School of Law

Benoit Mayer, Wuhan University

Magali Maystre, UN International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia - Appeals Chamber

Jane McAdam, Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales (UNSW)

Padraig McAulffe, Law School, University of Liverpool

Kasey McCall-Smith, University of Edinburgh

Keelin McCarthy, Lamb Building (Barristers’ chambers)

Claire McCarthy, Solicitor, Cork

Fiona McCaul, Doras Luimni

Kirsten McConnachie, University of Warwick

Gwen McCool, Burns Kelly Corrigan Solicitors

Chris McDermott, Athlone Institute of Technology

Maeve McDonagh, University College, Cork

Sarah McDonald, McGrath McGrane Solicitors

Kevin McGahan, National University of Singapore

Gerard McGrath, McGrath McGrane Solicitors, Dublin

Michelle McKinley, School of Law, University of Oregon

Sean McLoughlin, TRP Solicitors

Aoife McMahon, Barrister, Dublin

Chris McWatters, Garden Court Chambers

Frédéric Mégret, McGill University

Stephen Meili, Law School, University of Minnesota

Jan Erik Mellemberg, Juridisk Kontor AS

Vanesa Menéndez, Autonoma of Madrid University

Marcin Menkes, Warsaw School of Economics

Parvathi Menon, Max Planck Institute Luxembourg

Catherine Meredith, Doughty Street Chambers

Gregory Messenger, University of Liverpool

Barbora Messova, Human Rights League Slovakia

George Meszaros, Law School, Warwick University

Valentina Milano, University of the Balearic Islands

Marko Milanovic, University of Nottingham

Elizabeth Millar, Elizabeth M Millar Solicitor

Nina Miller Westoby, University of Glasgow

Alex Mills, University College London

Shigeo Miyagawa, Waseda University Law School

Daniel Moeckli, University of Zurich

Rowena Moffatt, Doughty Street Chambers

Luke Moffett, Queen's University Belfast

Daniel Møgster, Jurist, Oslo

Saira Mohamed, Berkeley School of Law, University of California

Nitish Monebhurrun, University Centre of Brasília

Jennifer Moore, School of Law, University of New Mexico

Sonia Morano-Foadi, Oxford Brookes University

Violeta Moreno-Lax, Queen Mary University of London

Sílvia Morgades-Gil, Law Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra

John Morss, Deakin University Law School

Anna Morvern, Barrister, Downpatrick

Kaveh Moussavi, University of Oxford

Solange Mouthaan, University of Warwick

Minos Mouzourakis, European Council on Refugees and Exiles

Barbara Muldoon, Immigration & Human Rights Lawyer at MSM Law, Belfast

Siobhán Mullally, University College Cork

Bella Murati, Human Rights Center

Karen Musalo, Hastings College of the Law, University of California

Boldizsár Nagy, Central European University & Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest

Yasmine Nahlawi, Newcastle University

Nicola Napoletano, University of Rome

Joëlle Napoli, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)

Usha Natarajan, The American University, Cairo

Neoclis Neocleous, L. Papaphilippou & Co. LLC

Fionnuala Ni Aolain, Transitional Justice Institute

Bríd Ní Ghráinne, University of Sheffield

Nora Ní Loideain, University of Cambridge

Anna Nilsson, Lund University

Eva Nilsson, Umeå University

Gregor Noll, Lund University

Andre Nollkaemper, University of Amsterdam

Joe Noonan, NLCC Solicitors

Maso Notarianni, Scegli da Che Parte Stare

Greg Ó Ceallaigh, Garden Court Chambers

Louisa O'Brien, University of East London

Colm O'Cinneide, Faculty of Laws, University College London

Jamie O'Connell, University of California, Berkeley

Rory O'Connell, Transitional Justice Institute

Michael O'Flaherty, National University of Ireland, Galway

Garry O'Halloran, Barrister, Ireland

Paul O'Shea, Barrister, Dublin

Tom Obokata, Keele University

Liliana Obregon, Univ. de los Andes

Gbenga Oduntan, Kent Law School, University of Kent

Raphael Oidtmann, University of Mainz / University of Mannheim

Obiora Okafor, York University

Rivana Oliveira, São Paulo University-Brazil

Belen Olmos Giupponi, University of Stirling

Eki Yemisi Omorogbe, University of Leicester

Umut Özsu, University of Manitoba

Ausra Padskocimaite, Uppsala University

Sara Palacios Arapiles, Ilustre Colegio de Abogados de Salamanca

Abdul Paliwala, University of Warwick

Marion Pals, Boulevard Heuvelink Advocaten

Alice Panepinto, School of Law, Warwick University

Matina Papadaki, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

Sarah Paoletti, Law School, University of Pennsylvania

Efthymios Papastavridis, Democritus University of Thrace

Rose Parfitt, Melbourne Law School

Debra Parkes, University of Manitoba

Alejandro Pastori, Universidad de la República, Uruguay

Tony Paterson, A.J. Paterson

Riccardo A. Pavoni, University of Siena

Jessica Peake, School of Law, University of California, Los Angeles

Francesca Pedrazzi, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Marco Pedrazzi, University of Milan

Steve Peers, University of Essex

Jed Pennington, Bhatt Murphy Solicitors

Gaetano Pentassuglia, University of Liverpool

Roza Perakis, AthensCenter

Marina Pereira C do Lago, Defensoria Pública da União e Universidade de São Paulo

Carmen Pérez, University Carlos III of Madrid

Liliana Perez-Elze, Universidad del Rosario

Mareike Persson, Lund University

Marco Pertile, University of Trento

Niels Petersen, University of Münster

Emanule Petrella, idea prisma 82 - alternata

Stephanie Petrie, University of Liverpool

Silvia Petrini, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Chloé Peyronnet, Univerité Jean Moulin Lyon 3

Thomas Phillips, The University of Liverpool

Milad Philipos, AATA & ASIL member

Maud Piers, University of Ghent

Judith Pieters, Pieters Advocaten

Tomasz Pietrzykowski, University of Silesia

Débora Pinter Moreira, Advogados Sem Fronteiras

Gemma Pinyol, GRITIM - Pompeu Fabra University

Michele Pistone, School of Law, Villanova University

Brendan Plant, University of Cambridge

Nicolae Ploeșteanu, Petru Maior University, Tîrgu

Aurora Plomer, University of Sheffield

Jason Pobjoy, Blackstone Chambers

Eugenio Polizzi, Attorney, Milan

Eleni Polymenopoulou, Brunel University

Cristina Popa Nistorescu, University of Craiova, Romania

Thelma Pondaag, Verrips&Pondaag Advocaten

Bel Porrins, RMIT University, Melbourne

Joseph Powderly, Grotius Centre for International Legal Studies, Leiden University

Claudia Pretto, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Mario Prost, Keele University

Jasper Pruis, VSAN (Association of Social Lawyers Netherlands)

Dorota Pudzianowska, University of Warsaw

Anni Pues, University of Glasgow

Benedita Queiroz, European University Institute

Roberto Quintero, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) (former staff

member)

Eduardo Rabenhorst, Federal Universty of Paraiba

Ivana Radacic, Ivo Pilar Institute of Social Science

Ali Raiss-Tousi, Birkbeck College, University of London

Senthorun Raj, Sydney Law School

Lavanya Rajamani, Centre for Policy Research

Valentina Ramella, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Forough Ramezankhah, University of Keele

Jaya Ramji-Nogales, Temple Law School

Angelo Raneli, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI), ADDUMA

Surabhi Ranganathan, University of Cambridge

Douglas Rasbash, University of Botswana

Martin Ratcovich, Faculty of Law, Stockholm University

Clara Rauchegger, University of Cambridge

Shalini Ray, Levin College of Law, University of Florida

Raj Rayan, BHT-Immigration Legal Service

Denise Reaume, University of Toronto & University of Oxford

Javaid Rehman, Brunel University

Laura Rezzonico, Centre for Migration Law, University of Neuchâtel

Adriana Ricarte, Sinus

Emilia Richard, Graduate Institute of International Relations and Development

Athene Richford, University of Glasgow

Eva Rieter, Radboud University Nijmegen

Sophie Rigney, Melbourne Law School

Georg Ringe, Copenhagen Business School

Werner Robbers, Law Office, Germany

Isobel Roele, Queen Mary University of London

Catherine Robinson, 1 Pump Court Chambers

Alice Rocha, University Centre of Brasilia

Elizabeth Rodriguez-Santiago, Universidad del Este

Maria Cristina Romano, Lawyer, Milan

Joao Roriz, University of Oxford

Carrie Rosenbaum, Golden Gate University

Darren Rosenblum, Pace Law School

Eve Rosenhaft, University of Liverpool

Galya Ruffer, Center for Forced Migration Studies, Buffett Institute for Global Studies Northwestern

University

Violeta Ruiz Almendral, Universisad Carlos III

Helene Ruiz Fabri, Max Planck Institute Luxembourg for Procedural Law

Gabriele Ruscalla, Max Planck Institute Luxembourg

Pasquale Russo, Dunia association

Bernard Ryan, University of Leicester

Jane Ryan, Bhatt Murphy Solicitors

Nivedita S, Lawyer, Vienna

Claire Saas, University of Nantes

Robert Sabata Gripekoven, European Democratic Lawyers

Andrea Saccucci, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli

Geraldine Sadoway, Osgoode Hall Law School

Seppo Sajama, Law School, University of Eastern Finland

Stephen Samuel, GLAR, School of Law, University of Reading

Philippe Sands, University College London

Andrew Sanger, University of Cambridge

Livia Santoro, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Andre Santos, University of São Paulo

Sylvie Sarolea, University College London

María Ángela Sasaki Otani International lawyer (Peru), Court of Justice of The Andean Community

(for identification purposes only)

Ben Saul, Law Faculty, University of Sydney

Sadat Sayeed, Garden Court Chambers

Heather Scavone, School of Law, Humanitarian Immigration Law Clinic, Elon University

Martin Scharnhorst, maerz buehne

Laura Scheffer, Van Doorn cs advocaten

Dana Schmalz, Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public and International Law

Evelyne Schmid, University of Basel

Stephanie Schmölzer, University of Oslo

Steven Schneebaum, Johns Hopkins University, School of Advanced International Studies

Flip Schuller, Prakken D' Oliveira Human Rights Lawyers

Bérénice Kafui Schramm, SOAS

Jessica Schultz, University of Bergen

Christine Schwobel-Patel, University of Liverpool

Iain Scobbie, University of Manchester & School of Oriental and African Studies, University of

London

Matthew Scott, Lund University

Duran Seddon, Garden Court Chambers

Stephen Sedley, Former Lord Justice of Appeal, United Kingdom

Kim Thuy Seelinger, Human Rights Center, University of California Berkeley

Niklas Selberg, Lund University, Faculty of Law

Rachel Seoighe, Middlesex University

Andrew Shacknove, University of Oxford

Isaac Shaffer, Wilson Solicitors LLP

Ragini Shah, Suffolk University

Ayesha Shahid, Brunel University

Sharon Shalev, Centre for Criminology, University of Oxford

Sanjeev Sharma, J.M. Wilson Solicitors LLP

Marina Sharpe, University of Oxford

Jo Shaw, University of Edinburgh

Deirdre Sheahan, Solicitor, Nottingham

Omar Shibli, Garden Court Chambers

Harriet Short, 1 Pump Court Chambers

Charlotte Sieber-Gasser, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies

Diego Silva, Simon Fraser University

Macha Sinegre David, Lawyer, Paris

Carol Sinnott, Sinnott Solicitors

Clarence Siziba, World Trade Institute

Anna Skehan, Islington Law Centre

Thomas Skouteris, The American University in Cairo

Serge Slama, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre, Centre de recherches et d'études sur les droits

fondamentaux (CREDOF)

Florence Smidt-Nielsen, Programme Asile, Action by Christians for the Abolition of Torture (ACAT)

France

Anneke Smit, University of Windsor

Colin Smith, Trinity College Dublin

Abi Smith, Garden Court Chambers

Larissa Soares, University of São Paulo

Ilaria Sommaruga, Bodda & Partners Law Firm

Andrea Sonino, Studio Legale De Berti Jacchia Franchini Forlani

Mirko Sossai, Roma Tre University

Beatriz Souza, University of Sao Paulo

Sturla Spans, Advokatenkantoor Spans

Martijn Spapens, Niemer & Spapens advocaten

Tom Sparks, Durham University

Barbara Spinelli, Member, European Parliament

Thomas Spijkerboer, VU University Amsterdam

Peter Spiro, Law School, Temple University

Theresa Squatrito, PluriCourts Center, University of Oslo

Dorothea Staes, Université Saint-Louis

Colm Stanley, Stanley and Company Solicitors

Sonja Stappler, College for Computing Science, Vienna 5

Kelly Stathopoulou, University of Nottingham

Cassandra Steer, McGill University

Ulrich Stege, International University College of Turin

Elissa Steglich, School of Law, University of Texas

Charlotte Steinorth, Central European University

Dominik Steiger, Freie Universität Berlin

Emily Stein, Uppsala University

Amalie Steinsbekk, University of Bergen

Dallal Stevens, Law School, University of Warwick

Nathan Stevens, Duncan Lewis Solicitors

Zuzana Stevulova, Human Rights League

Øyvind Stiansen, PluriCourts, University of Oslo

Christof Stock, Katholische Hochschule NRW

Sofia Stolk, VU University Amsterdam

Vladislava Stoyanova, Faculty of Law, Lund University, Sweden

Cecilia Strada, Emergency NGO

Silke Studzinsky, Lawyer, Berlin

Robin Stunzi, Centre de droit des migrations

Stephen Suffern, Avocat à la cour

Julie Suk, Cardozo School of Law, Yeshiva University

Cecile Suurmeijer, Oorsprong Advocaten/Lawyers

Isabelle Swerissen, Universiteit van Amsterdam

Katie Sykes, Thompson Rivers University

Tom Syring, Norwegian Immigration Appeals Board (UNE)

Agnieszka Szpak, Nicolas Copernicus University

Nikolas Feith Tan, Aarhus University & Danish Institute for Human Rights

Sue Vern Tan, University of Toronto

Lioe Tan, Advocatenkantoor De Binnenstad

Roopa Tanna, Islington Law Centre

John Tasioulas, King's College London

Flor Tercero, Lawyer, France

Stefan Theil, University of Cambridge

Anne-Marie Thévenot-Werner University Paris II, Panthéon-Assas

Anne Thies, University of Reading

Marine Thisse, Lawyer, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre

Chantal Thomas, Law School, Cornell University

Rebecca Thorburn Stern, Uppsala University

Liam Thornton, School of Law, University College Dublin

Jaime Tijmes, Universidad de La Frontera Research Center on International Challenges

Ronan Toal, Garden Court Chambers

Daniel Toda Castan, Deutsche Universität für Verwaltungswissenschaften Speyer

Vito Todeschini, Aarhus University

Neus Torbisco-Casals, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Pompeu

Fabra University

Alejandra Torres Camprubi, Fridtjof Nansen Institute

Philip Torrey, Harvard Law School, Harvard University (for identification purposes only)

Maria Tousi, Legal Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Athens (Retired)

Kimberley Trapp, University College London

Anne Trebilcock, International Labour Organisation, (former Legal Adviser)

Seline Trevisanut, University of Utrecht

Nicos Trimikliniotis, University of Nicosia

Valerie Trorial, Avocat au Barreau de Paris

Nicholas Tsagourias, University of Sheffield

Georgia Tsaklanganos, Greens/EFA advisor European Parliament

Katerina Tsotroudi, International Labour Organisation

Lilian Tsourdi, Université libre de Bruxelles & Université catholique de Louvain

Eugenio Tummarello Lawyer, Italy

Antonios Tzanakopoulos, University of Oxford

Vassilis Tzevelekos, Law School, University of Hull

Ntina Tzouvala, Durham Law School

Geir Ulfstein, University of Oslo

Corrien Ullersma, Prakken d'Oliveira, Human Rights Lawyers

Karen Ullmann, Judge, Republikanischer Anwältinnen- und Anwälteverein, Rechatesanwältinned

and Rechtsanwälte für Demokratie und Menschenrechte (RAV)

Evelin Urbanski, Wien

Tacoui Vakirtzian, Greek Ministry of Education

Anthony Valcke, EU Rights Clinic

Solange Valdez, Project for the Registration of Children as British Citizens (PRCBC)

Alberto Valenti, Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull’Immigrazione (ASGI)

Anne van Aaken, University of St. Gallen

Dimitri Van den Meerssche, European University Institute

Nienke van der Have, University of Amsterdam

Annelien van der Werff, Oorsprong Advocaten

Tara Van Ho, Aarhus University

Evelien van Roemburg, University of Amsterdam

Josephine van Zeben, University of Oxford

Maria Varaki, Faculty of Law, Kadir Has University

Sergey Vasiliev, VU Amsterdam

Fabia Vecoso, Federal University of Sao Paulo

Jens Vedsted-Hansen, Aarhus University

Loes Vellenga-van Nieuwkerk, Vellenga Immigration Lawyer

Matilde Ventrella, University of Wolverhampton

Denise Venturi, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies

Fotis Vergis, School of Law, University of Manchester

Jinske Verhellen, Ghent University

Hans Verstrepen, Lawyer, Oosterhout

Vigdis Vevstad, Sonconsult

Giuliana Vieira, Universidade Estadual da Paraiba

Frans Viljoen, Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria

Juan Luis Villada, Abogado

Bas Vlieger, Van Doorn cs advocaten

Benedict Vischer, Yale Law School

Hein Vogel, Veraart de Granada Advocaten

Jochen von Bernstorff, University of Tuebingen

Aurora Voiculescu, University of Westminster

Hilton von Herbert, Hackney Community Law Centre

Meghan Vozila, Sturtivant & Co Solicitors

Tatiana Waisberg, Lawyer & IL Lecturer, Brazil

Daniel Wand, University of Leeds & University of Sheffield

Daniel Wang, Queen Mary, University of London

Christopher Waters, University of Windsor

Ben Warwick, Durham University

Pete Weatherby QC, Garden Court North Chambers

Frances Webber, Garden Court Chambers

Sanjula Weerasinghe, Georgetown University

Friedl Weiss, University of Vienna

Karel Wellens, Nijmegen University

Ramses A. Wessel, University of Twente

Gert Westerveen, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

Amanda Weston, Barrister, London

Sara Wharton, University of Windsor

Verina Wild, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich

Michael Williams, Swedish Network of Refugee Support Groups (FARR), Sweden

Richard Williams, Consultant, Brighton

Siobhan Wills, Transitional Justice Institute

Joh Willshire, Harvard Law School, Harvard University (for identification purposes only)

Daniel Wilsher, City University London

Matthew Windsor, University of Oxford

Inga Winkler, New York University

Jens Woelk, University of Trento

Denise Wohlwend, University of Fribourg

William Worster, The Hague University of Applied Sciences

Pål Wrange, Stockholm University

Aaron Wu, London School of Economics and Political Science

Alexandra Xanthaki, Brunel University

Ermioni Xanthopoulou, King's College London & University of Hertfordshire

Dersim Yabasun, Maastricht University

Stephen Yale-Loehr, Cornell University Law School

Colin Yeo, Garden Court Chambers

Alison Young, University of Oxford

Oran Young, University of California (Santa Barbara)

Anil Yilmaz, University of Essex

Adrienne Yong, University of Hertfordshire

Lucia Zaccagnini, University of Florence

Matthew Zagor, Australian National University

Saša Zagorc, University of Ljubljana

Parisa Zangeneh, Edinburgh

Thanos Zartaloudis, University of Kent

Marjoleine Zieck, University of Amsterdam

Ruvi Ziegler, School of Law University of Reading

Gentian Zyberi, Norwegian Center for Human Rights, University of Oslo

If you enjoyed this article then please consider liking Can Europe Make it? on Facebook and following us on Twitter @oD_Europe