Artist Robson Cezar holds his work at London rally for climate change. Peter Marshall/Demotix. All rights reserved.A recent briefing by Climate Action Tracker (CAT), released at the beginning of September, revealed that the pledges of countries that have already submitted their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) are insufficient to remain within a temperature increase of 2°C. This is considered by many as the ultimate boundary to avoid the worst effects of climate change.
On the basis of the pledges announced by states representing together approximately 65% of greenhouse gas emissions, including the EU, China and the USA, the Consortium, composed of four European research organisations, claims that global warming is on track to reach 3°C by the end of this century.
Gathered in Bonn at the beginning of the month for the penultimate official discussions session, climate negotiators managed to make some slow progress on a global binding climate agreement. In particular, two key questions must be addressed for the agreement to be truly sustainable and effective: the need for short-term emissions reduction objectives and the thorny issue of loss and damage related to climate change.
