A refugee child walks on the stairway in a refugee housing in Waltrop, western Germany, painted with a swastika graffiti and a writing "get out dogs". Martin Meissner AP/Press Association. All rights reserved.
Since 2015, the arrival of refugees to European cities has, in many places, triggered conflict. In most cases, these conflicts have not arisen from struggles over resources, but from perceptions coloured by disrespectful stereotypes, prejudices and discrimination. Examples of such hypothetical threats are restrictive religious differences, incompatible uses of public space, and competition in the labour market.
