The Puerta del Sol in Madrid, shown here on 20 May 2011, became a focal point for the Spanish indignados movement. Wikimedia. Public domain.
Antonis Galanopoulos: In your new book The Mask and the Flag that will be published in 2017, you argue that contemporary protests bear the mark of ‘citizenism’. What exactly is citizenism? In the past you have also referred to ‘anarcho-populism’. Is it the same concept?
Paolo Gerbaudo: Citizenism, as I describe it in the book, is the ideology of the movements of 2011, of Occupy Wall Street, Indignados, Aganaktismenoi, of all these protests that despite their differences share common characteristics in their practices, their discourse, their vision.
