Skip to content

Institutional violence in Venezuela: What are militias and colectivos?

In Venezuela, violence is organized by the state through militias and collectivos. What are they? What status do they have? Español

Institutional violence in Venezuela: What are militias and colectivos?
NurPhoto/NurPhoto/PA Images
Published:

The Militias

Before 2008, the so-called Militias were nothing more than voluntary reserves that complemented or supported the National Armed Forces (FAN) in extreme cases or emergencies. After that, though, they were given more institutional freedom. They are assigned tasks associated with the Integral Defence of the Nation, which can mean anything, since it is a " catch-all " concept, being both wide and flexible.

It seems that the criteria for recruitment and selection are very simple. Anyone can sign up, it is common to see elderly people wearing these uniforms on the street or doing small jobs in public facilities. It is not known to what extent this could be a propaganda tool to increase the number of military personnel.

In November of last year, government officials said that the number of militia members had reached 3.3 million, but to say it would be a stretch to conclude that this means that they are a professional army, trained to deal with situations that require the military defence of the territory.